lurch

• n. 突然傾斜；蹣跚；挫折
• vi. 傾斜；蹣跚
• vt. 擊敗
• n. (Lurch)人名；(德)盧爾希

來自中古英語lurch,一種棋盤游戲，來自luren,等待，潛藏，埋伏，詞源同lour,lurk.比較poke.

詞源不詳，航海術語，用來指船在風浪中劇烈搖晃并傾斜，可能來自lurch,困境，危險。

lurch

lurch: English has two words lurch, both with rather obscure histories. The verb, ‘stagger’ [19], appears to come from an earlier lee-lurch, which in turn may have been an alteration of an 18th-century nautical term lee-latch, denoting ‘drifting to leeward’. The latch element may have come from French lacher ‘let go’. The lurch of leave someone in the lurch [16] originated as a term in backgammon, denoting a ‘defeat’, ‘low score’, or ‘position of disadvantage’. It was borrowed from French lourche, which probably goes back to Middle High German lurz ‘left’, hence ‘wrong’, ‘defeat’.

lurch (n.1)

"sudden pitch to one side," 1784, from earlier lee-larches (1765), a nautical term for "the sudden roll which a ship makes to lee-ward in a high sea, when a large wave strikes her, and bears her weather-side violently up, which depresses the other in proportion" ["Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences," London 1765]; perhaps from French lacher "to let go," from Latin laxus (see lax).

When a Ship is brought by the Lee, it is commonly occa?sioned by a large Sea, and by the Neglect of the Helm's-man. When the Wind is two or three Points on the Quarter, the Ship taking a Lurch, brings the Wind on the other Side, and lays the Sails all dead to the Ma?t; as the Yards are braced up, ?he then having no Way, and the Helm being of no Service, I would therefore brace about the Head ?ails ?harp the other Way .... [John Hamilton Moore, Practical Navigator, 8th ed., 1784]

lurch (n.2)

"predicament," 1580s, from Middle English lurch (v.) "to beat in a game of skill (often by a great many points)," mid-14c., probably literally "to make a complete victory in lorche," a game akin to backgammon, from Old French lourche. The game name is perhaps related to Middle English lurken, lorken "to lie hidden, lie in ambush," or it may be adopted into French from Middle High German lurz "left," also "wrong."

lurch (v.)

1821, from lurch (n.1). Related: Lurched; lurching.

1. You wouldn't leave an old friend in the lurch, surely?

你總不會對老朋友見死不救吧？

來自柯林斯例句

2. The car took a lurch forward but grounded in a deep rut.

車子猛地向前動了一下，但是隨后就陷在一條深深的車轍里了。

來自柯林斯例句

3. The ship gave a lurch to starboard.

船的右舷突然側傾.

來自《簡明英漢詞典》

4. The property sector was another casualty of the lurch towards higher interest rates.

房地產業是受利率猛然攀高影響的又一重災區。

來自柯林斯例句

5. I wonder what he made that lurch for, he thought.

不知道這魚為什么剛才突然搖晃了一下, 他想.

來自英漢文學 - 老人與海