tear
英 [t??]
美[t?r]
- n. 眼淚, （撕破的）洞或裂縫, 撕扯
- vt. 撕掉, 扯下, 擾亂
- vi. 流淚, 撕破
- n. (Tear)人名；(英)蒂爾
CET4TEM4IELTSGRE考研CET6中高頻詞基本詞匯
中文詞源
tear 眼淚
來(lái)自古英語(yǔ) tear,眼淚，來(lái)自 Proto-Germanic*tagr,眼淚，來(lái)自 PIE*dakru,眼淚，詞源同 lachrymose, 流淚的。字母 d,l 音變，中間字母 g 脫落。
tear 撕裂，撕碎來(lái)自古英語(yǔ)teran,撕碎，撕扯，來(lái)自Proto-Germanic*teran,撕碎，撕扯，來(lái)自PIE*der,撕開， 皮膚，詞源同dermis,dermotology,turd.可能來(lái)自PIE*da,分開，詞源同deal,time.
英文詞源
- tear
- tear: English has two separate words tear, both of ancient ancestry. The sort of tear that one weeps [OE] goes back (together with its Germanic relatives German tr?ne, Dutch traan, Swedish t?r, and Danish taare) to prehistoric Indo- European *dakru-, a word of uncertain origin which also produced Welsh deigryn and Latin lacrima (source of English lachrymal [16] and lachrymose [17]). Tear ‘rip’ [OE] comes from an Indo- European base *der- ‘tear’, which also produced Russian drat’ and Polish drze? ‘tear’.
The base *der- denoted the concept of ‘flaying’ as well as ‘tearing’, in which sense it produced English turd and Greek dérma ‘skin’ (source of English dermatitis, epidermis, etc).
=> lachrymose; dermatitis, epidermis, turd - tear (n.1)
- "fluid drop from the eye," Old English tear "tear, drop, nectar, what is distilled in drops," from earlier teahor, t?hher, from Proto-Germanic *tahr-, *tagr- (cognates: Old Norse, Old Frisian tar, Old High German zahar, German Z?hre, Gothic tagr "tear"), from PIE *dakru- (cognates: Latin lacrima, Old Latin dacrima, Irish der, Welsh deigr, Greek dakryma). To be in tears "weeping" is from 1550s. Tear gas first recorded 1917.
- tear (n.2)
- "act of ripping or rending," 1660s, from tear (v.1). Old English had ter (n.) "tearing, laceration, thing torn."
- tear (v.1)
- "pull apart," Old English teran "to tear, lacerate" (class IV strong verb; past tense t?r, past participle toren), from Proto-Germanic *teran (cognates: Old Saxon terian, Middle Dutch teren "to consume," Old High German zeran "to destroy," German zehren, Gothic ga-tairan "to tear, destroy"), from PIE *der- (2) "to split, peel, flay," with derivatives referring to skin and leather (cognates: Sanskrit drnati "cleaves, bursts," Greek derein "to flay," Armenian terem "I flay," Old Church Slavonic dera "to burst asunder," Breton darn "piece").
The Old English past tense survived long enough to get into Bible translations as tare before giving place 17c. to tore, which is from the old past participle toren. Sense of "to pull by force" (away from some situation or attachment) is attested from late 13c. To be torn between two things (desires, loyalties, etc.) is from 1871. - tear (v.2)
- early 15c., "shed tears," 1650s, "fill with tears" mainly in American English, from tear (n.1). Related: Teared; tearing. Old English verb t?herian, tearian "to weep" did not survive into Middle English.
雙語(yǔ)例句
- 1. I stared at the man, couldn't tear my eyes away.
- 我盯著那個(gè)人看，視線無(wú)法移開。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 2. The city will tear down the building and create a park.
- 該市將拆掉這幢大樓，在這兒建個(gè)公園。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 3. A muscle tear will leave a scar after healing.
- 肌肉撕裂復(fù)原后會(huì)留下疤痕。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 4. I peered through a tear in the van's curtains.
- 我通過篷車簾子的破洞窺視。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 5. Troops used tear gas and rifle butts to break up the protests.
- 軍隊(duì)使用催淚瓦斯和槍托驅(qū)散示威者。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句